School Closure to Reduce Influenza Transmission
نویسندگان
چکیده
primers they developed themselves. In addition, Southern hybridization was done. The results showed that SCCmec III ST398 MRSA isolates should be typed as SCCmec type V. In this conclusion we agree with the authors. It seems clear that Zhang’s method incorrectly identifi ed 4 of the animal-related ST398 isolates as SCCmec type III instead of SCCmec type V. Whether all ST398 MRSA are SCCmec type IV or V remains unclear. Recently, an article by Nemati et al. was published in which ST398 MRSA was also typed as SCCmec III (3). However, in that study the SCCmec typing method of Zhang was also used. In conclusion, the choice of SCCmec typing method is directly related to obtaining accurate SCCmec results for ST398 isolates. To date, almost all animal-related ST398 MRSA isolates are SCCmec types IV and V.
منابع مشابه
Reactive School Closure During Increased Influenza-Like Illness (ILI) Activity in Western Kentucky, 2013: A Field Evaluation of Effect on ILI Incidence and Economic and Social Consequences for Families
Background. School closures are an important mitigation strategy during influenza pandemic: if implemented early in a local outbreak, they can slow the disease spread in the surrounding community. During seasonal influenza epidemics, school closures may occur reactively, after the disease is already widespread in the community. Such reactive closures are often too late to reduce influenza tran...
متن کاملHousehold Responses to School Closure Resulting from Outbreak of Influenza B, North Carolina
School closure is a proposed strategy for reducing influenza transmission during a pandemic. Few studies have assessed how families respond to closures, or whether other interactions during closure could reduce this strategy's effect. Questionnaires were administered to 220 households (438 adults and 355 children) with school-age children in a North Carolina county during an influenza B virus o...
متن کاملSchool closures and influenza: systematic review of epidemiological studies
OBJECTIVE To review the effects of school closures on pandemic and seasonal influenza outbreaks. DESIGN Systematic review. DATA SOURCES MEDLINE and EMBASE, reference lists of identified articles, hand searches of key journals and additional papers from the authors' collections. STUDY SELECTION Studies were included if they reported on a seasonal or pandemic influenza outbreak coinciding w...
متن کاملRates of Influenza-like Illness and Winter School Breaks, Chile, 2004–2010
To determine effects of school breaks on influenza virus transmission in the Southern Hemisphere, we analyzed 2004-2010 influenza-like-illness surveillance data from Chile. Winter breaks were significantly associated with a two-thirds temporary incidence reduction among schoolchildren, which supports use of school closure to temporarily reduce illness, especially among schoolchildren, in the So...
متن کاملRobust reconstruction and analysis of outbreak data: influenza A(H1N1)v transmission in a school-based population.
The rapid spread of the new influenza virus A(H1N1)v in young age groups in 2009 has been partly attributed to a high transmission intensity in schools. However, detailed characterization of the spread of influenza in school populations has been difficult to obtain, simply because it is very hard to identify who infected whom in a large outbreak. Data collected in large outbreak investigations ...
متن کاملUtility of Nontraditional Data Sources for Early Detection of Influenza
Objective This session will provide an overview of the current systems for influenza surveillance; review the role of schools in influenza transmission; discuss relationships between school closures, school absenteeism, and influenza transmission; and explore the usefulness of school absenteeism and unplanned school closure monitoring for early detection of influenza in schools and broader comm...
متن کامل